Freedom of speech is the freedom to speak freely without censorship or limitation, or both. The synonymous term freedom of expression is sometimes used to indicate not only freedom of verbal speech but any act of seeking, receiving and imparting information or ideas, regardless of the medium used. In practice, the right to freedom of speech is not absolute in any country and the right is commonly subject to limitations, such as on "hate speech".
The rigt tho freedom of speech is recognized as a human right under Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and recognized in international human rights law in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). The ICCPR recognizes the right to freedom of speech as "the right to hold opinions without interference. Everyone shall have the right to freedom of expression .Furthermore freedom of speech is recognized in European, inter-American and African regional human rights law.It is different from and not to be confused with the concept of freedom of thought.
Today freedom of speech, or the freedom of expression, is recognized in international and regional human rights law. The right is enshrined in Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights, Article 13 of the American Convention on Human Rights and Article 9 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights. Based on John Stuart Mill's arguments, freedom of speech is understood as a multi-faceted right that includes not only the right to express, or disseminate, information and ideas, but three further distinct aspects:
- the right to seek information and ideas;
- the right to receive information and ideas;
- the right to impart information and ideas.
International, regional and national standards also recognize that freedom of speech, as the freedom of expression, includes any medium, be it orally, in written, in print, through the Internet or through art forms. This means that the protection of freedom of speech as a right includes not only the content, but also the means of expression.
Internet censorship
The concept of freedom of information has emerged in response to state sponsored censorship, monitoring and surveillance of the internet. Internet censorship includes the control or suppression of the publishing or accessing of information on the Internet. The Global Internet Freedom Consortium claims to remove blocks to the "free flow of information" for what they term "closed societies". According to the Reporters without Borders (RSB) "internet enemy list" the following states engage in pervasive internet censorship: Belarus, China, Cuba, Egypt, Iran, Myanmar/Burma, North Korea, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Vietnam.
A widely publicised example of internet censorship is the "Great Firewall of China" (in reference both to its role as a network firewall and to the ancient Great Wall of China). The system blocks content by preventing IP addresses from being routed through and consists of standard firewall and proxy servers at the Internet gateways. The system also selectively engages in DNS poisoning when particular sites are requested. The government does not appear to be systematically examining Internet content, as this appears to be technically impractical.Internet censorship in the People's Republic of China is conducted under a wide variety of laws and administrative regulations. In accordance with these laws, more than sixty Internet regulations have been made by the People's Republic of China (PRC) government, and censorship systems are vigorously implemented by provincial branches of state-owned ISPs, business companies, and organizations.
Take note for wide censorship still China had some documents on how a nuclear submarine was made that encourage them to make a prototype nuclear sub. Do you think this will happen without censorship. They make one because of curiosity and this shall not be possible without looking to the internet the question is are there men is capable enough to piloted one. I don't think so still it will go to human power.
What this all about infringement and counterfeits act well you just putting it to close the door to impart any kind of media weather it is music or movie. Although it had some disadvantages there are also advantages of such matter. What are does advantages it's an inspiration for some people or curiosity to improve to what there doing. It is also advantage to learned because of curiosity and to learned to the future might come ahead. If people had watch a movie that was ban on a country because there been humiliated. Do you think there will stop not watching it in the internet. The internet is the last thing to express if the movie had humiliated them or not and not all people knows how to use the internet. If your talking about infringement or counterfeits or pirated what ever you call it still in the internet there not been imparted in the original form. How this is possible? There using 2nd program to open a multimedia file and if your not as good as a computer geek you will never open and sometime it had password to open that are not easy to find. Remember not all can watch in the internent because even computer had program to restrict so it depend to the user and if youre just an average income low earning. It will put you to think twice or trice just to buy or sometimes it is advantage having it free.
Here's a petition to stop a bill: http://demandprogress.org/blacklist/
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